practice task
Disk Is Full: Prove Which Filesystem Is Out
A VPS starts returning write errors and an app cannot create new uploads. You need to decide whether the root filesystem, a mounted data volume, or inode exhaustion is the real problem before deleting anything.
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Try first
df -h && df -iGoal
Identify the full filesystem and capture the first safe facts needed for cleanup.
Expected output
A table of mounted filesystems showing size, used space, available space, use percent, and inode usage. The important result is the mount point with very high Use% or IUse%.
Teaches
Start with filesystem-level evidence before hunting files. Disk space and inode exhaustion look similar to applications but require different fixes.
Common mistake
Running rm commands in random directories before proving which mount is full, or missing inode pressure because df -h still shows free bytes.
check your answer
Answer key
What should your command prove?
A table of mounted filesystems showing size, used space, available space, use percent, and inode usage. The important result is the mount point with very high Use% or IUse%.
How to explain it
Start with filesystem-level evidence before hunting files. Disk space and inode exhaustion look similar to applications but require different fixes.
What to avoid
Running rm commands in random directories before proving which mount is full, or missing inode pressure because df -h still shows free bytes.
command set
Commands to know
df -hdf -idu -xhd1 /var | sort -h
answer check
Compare expected output
Open these command examples to compare your answer against realistic output.
next practice
Find the Largest Files Under /var
The root filesystem is nearly full and /var looks suspicious. You need a read-only way to find the biggest files without crossing into other mounted filesystems.