Cybersecurity Triage
Read-only, can be slowFind Config Files with Execute Bits
You need to find non-binary configuration files that accidentally have execute permissions.
Command
find fixtures/perm-audit -type f -perm /111 \( -path '*/config/*' -o -name '*.env' -o -name '*.conf' \) -printf '%M %u:%g %p\n' | sortBefore you run this
System impact: Read-only. Can create load on large logs, directories, filesystems, or process tables.
When not to use it: Do not apply this to directories or legitimate executable scripts.
Expected output
Config-like files that have owner, group, or other execute bits.
System impact
Read-only, can be slow. Nothing changes. The command lists config-like files with any execute bit set.
Scope this to the smallest useful path or service on busy systems.
Recovery / rollback: no state is changed.
When to use it
Use when auditing packaged releases, copied configs, or files created from templates.
When not to use it
Do not apply this to directories or legitimate executable scripts.
Explanation-only example
Illustrated output, not a live lab run
This example is intentionally illustrative. It shows the command shape without killing real processes or changing your machine.
$ find sample-files/perm-audit/releases/2026-06-25/config -type f -printf '%M %u:%g %p\n' | sort
-rw-r----- root:root sample-files/perm-audit/releases/2026-06-25/config/app.env
-rw-r--r-- root:root sample-files/perm-audit/releases/2026-06-25/config/secret.key
-rwxr-xr-x root:root sample-files/perm-audit/releases/2026-06-25/config/worker.conf$ find sample-files/perm-audit -type f -perm /111 \( -path '*/config/*' -o -name '*.env' -o -name '*.conf' \) -printf '%M %u:%g %p\n' | sort
-rwxr-xr-x root:root sample-files/perm-audit/releases/2026-06-25/config/worker.confView commands shown
These are the commands shown in the sanitized transcript.
Commands shown
find fixtures/perm-audit/releases/2026-06-25/config -type f -printf '%M %u:%g %p\n' | sortfind fixtures/perm-audit -type f -perm /111 \( -path '*/config/*' -o -name '*.env' -o -name '*.conf' \) -printf '%M %u:%g %p\n' | sort
next steps
Related commands
Find Upload Files Writable Outside the Owner
Uploads are supposed to be writable at the edge, not writable forever by everyone.
find fixtures/perm-audit/releases/2026-06-25/uploads -type f -perm /0022 -printf '%M %u:%g %p\n' | sort
Find World-Readable Secret-Looking Files
The fastest secret audit starts with readable files that look like secrets.
find fixtures/perm-audit -type f -perm -0004 \( -iname '*secret*' -o -iname '*.env' -o -iname '*token*' -o -iname '*key*' \) -printf '%M %u:%g %p\n' | sort
Find Writable Directories Missing the Sticky Bit
A writable log directory is not the same thing as a safe shared directory.
find fixtures/perm-audit -type d -perm -0002 ! -perm -1000 -printf '%m %u:%g %p\n' | sort
Find SUID, SGID, and Sticky Bits in an App Tree
Special bits are easy to miss in a long ls listing.
find fixtures/perm-audit -perm /7000 -printf '%M %m %u:%g %p\n' | sort
Find SSH Key Users with sudo
The highest-priority access review starts where SSH keys and sudo overlap.
comm -12 <(find fixtures/user-access-audit/home -path '*/.ssh/authorized_keys' -printf '%h\n' | awk -F/ '{print $(NF-1)}' | sort) <(awk -F: '$1=="sudo" {gsub(",","\n",$4); print $4}' fixtures/user-access-audit/etc/group | sort)
Study mapping
Use this as independent command practice: read the notes, predict the output, then compare it with the example before using a real shell.
Useful for
- LPIC-1 style command-line practice
- LFCS style performance tasks
- Linux+ style troubleshooting review
Independent study support only. No affiliation, endorsement, exam dumps, or real exam questions.